Ecological systems theory talks about the development of a child within an intricate system of relationships that forms a large part of the child’s environment. There are many layers within the environment, with each having an important effect. Examples are a child’s individual biology, which is a major environment, and the relationships between the child’s biology, family, and friends. The society also contributes to the child’s development.
It is important to note that changes or conflict within an individual environment will have pronounced effects in other areas. As such, no environment should be overlooked in the study of development no matter how big or small. This theory brings to light the nature-versus-nurture debate and sheds light on the significance of a child’s upbringing and environment on his/her future thoughts and behaviour.
The theory includes the micro-system, which is the child’s own biological system. This system involves the interactions, personal behaviours, and relationships that the child has with his or her close environment. In the scope of this system are the family, friend, and teacher relationships. For example, the parents or friends in this system may have a huge impact on the child’s behaviour and thought processes.
The meso-sytem, which is a stage up, is the connection between the different elements of the individual’s micro-system. These may be the connection between friends and teachers, teachers and parents and, so on.
The further stages, increasingly larger in scope, are the exo-system, the macro-system, and the chrono-sytem. The first is the larger-scale social interactions and systems present around the child, including community- based projects and initiatives or parent employment. Like this and the higher environments, the child needs no direct involvement to be influenced by these higher level interactions.
The second is the largest social layer and includes laws, social customs, culture, values, and other such things. This layer has a significant influence on all other environments.
The last brings time into relevance, which also has an impact on development, not least because of the changes that occur with the aging of an individual.
Are you struggling for ideas on this subject for an essay or term paper? You will surely be impressed by our academic writing service, which guarantees results.
